Page 072 b4 Is Sun constant?
1 T or F: Astronomers consider any element that is heavier than hydrogen to be a metal.
2 T or F: Metallicity a star is often expressed as Fe/H in it.
3 T or F: A red dwarf star, Proxima Centauri, 4.2 light-years distant, is the closest star to Earth.
4 T or F: IPCC claims that solar variability is the prime driver of Earth’s climate and not greenhouse gases.
5 T or F: Sun continues to shine by fusion whereby two hydrogen nuclei become one helium neucleus.
6 T or F: Sun converts 600 million tons of hydrogen to helium each second.
7 T or F: Sun’s surface temperature is 5770 K which radiates as a blue-green color.
8 T or F: 1/3 of the expected flux of neutrinos were detected in Homestake Mine, Lead, SD.

Astronomer's metals 072-01-01 Sun 072-02-01
Bruno 072-03-01 IPCC 072-04-01
Bethe 072-05-01 072-05-02 072-05-03
Weizsäcker, 072-06-01 072-06-02 Fusion 072-07-01
Star, color 072-08-01 072-08-02
Neutrinos 072-09-01 072-09-02
Bahcall 072-10-01
Homestake Mine 072-11-01) 072-11-02

Page 073
1 T or F: Sunspot cycle is, on average, 11 years (ranges between 8 and 16 years).
2 T or F: The Little Ice Age was when more than the usual number of sunspots were reported.
3 T or F: Sunspots add to the solar wind which deflects cosmic rays and the result is warming.
4 T or F: Sun’s known variability cannot explain all the warming since the Little Ice Age.
5 T or F: Hansen claims solar irradiance forcing can be ignored in climate models.
6 T or F: Herschel found more sunspots & cheaper wheat implying warmer weather & bumper crops.
7 T or F: The bright-yellow spectral line in sunlight is due to helium (Gk. helios, Sun).

Sunspot cycle 073-01-01 073-01-02 073-01-03 073-01-04
Maunder minimum tree rings, ice cores 073-02-01
Svensmark 073-03-01
Noyes 073-04-01
Musk 073-05-01

Carbon-14
073-06-01
Climatic optimum
073-07-01
073-07-02
Gleissberg, 88-year solar cycle
073-08-01
073-08-02
Vries (or Suess) ~205-year solar cycle
073-09-01

Herschel, sunspots & cheaper 073-10-01
Janssen, bright-yellow spectral line 073-11-01 073-11-02
Lockyer, 073-12-01	chromosphere
Ramsay, helium 073-13-01
Braun, 073-14-01	1,470-year glacial climate cycle
Hansen 073-15-01 073-15-02 073-15-03 073-15-04